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Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria
(WHO; 2006; 266 pages)
Glossary
Abbreviations
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objectives and target audience
1.3 Methods used in developing the guidelines and recommendations
2. The clinical disease
3. Treatment objectives
3.1 Uncomplicated malaria
3.2 Severe malaria
4. Diagnosis of malaria
4.1 Clinical diagnosis
4.2 Parasitological diagnosis
4.3 Where malaria transmission is low to moderate and/or unstable
4.4 In stable high-transmission settings
4.5 Malaria parasite species identification
4.6 In epidemics and complex emergencies
5. Resistance to antimalarial medicines
9
5.1 Impact of resistance
5.2 Global distribution of resistance
5.3 Assessing resistance
6. Antimalarial treatment policy
6.1 Assessment of in vivo therapeutic efficacy
6.2 Criteria for antimalarial treatment policy change
7. Treatment of uncomplicated P. Falciparum malaria
10
7.1 Assessment
7.2 Antimalarial combination therapy
7.3 The choice of artemisinin-based combination therapy options
7.4 Practical aspects of treatment with recommended ACTs
7.5 Incorrect approaches to treatment
7.6 Additional aspects of clinical management
7.7 Operational issues in treatment management
7.8 Management of treatment failures
7.9 Treatment in specific populations and situations
7.10 Coexisting morbidities
8. Treatment of severe falciparum malaria
14
8.1 Definition
8.2 Treatment objectives
8.3 Clinical assessment
8.4 Specific antimalarial treatment
8.5 Practical aspects of treatment
8.6 Follow-on treatment
8.7 Pre-referral treatment options
16
8.8 Adjunctive treatment
8.9 Continuing supportive care
8.10 Additional aspects of clinical management
8.11 Treatment during pregnancy
8.12 Management in epidemic situations
8.13 Hyperparasitaemia
18
9. Treatment of malaria caused by P. vivax, P. ovale or P. malariae
19
9.1 Diagnosis
9.2 Susceptibility of P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae to antimalarials
9.3 Treatment of uncomplicated vivax malaria
9.4 Treatment of severe vivax malaria
9.5 Treatment of malaria caused by P. ovale and P. malariae
9.6 Monitoring therapeutic efficacy for vivax malaria
10. Mixed malaria infections
11. Complex emergencies and epidemics
11.1 Diagnosis
11.2 Use of rapid diagnostic tests in epidemic situations
11.3 Management of uncomplicated malaria in epidemics
11.4 Areas prone to mixed falciparum/vivax malaria epidemics
11.5 Use of gametocytocidal drugs to reduce transmission
11.6 Anti-relapse therapy in vivax malaria epidemics
11.7 Mass treatment
Annexes
Annex 1. The guidelines development process
Annex 2. Adaptation of WHO malaria treatment guidelines for use in countries
Annex 3. Pharmacology of antimalarial drugs
Annex 4. Antimalarials and malaria transmission
Annex 5. Malaria diagnosis
Annex 6. Resistance to antimalarials
Annex 7. Uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria
Annex 8. Malaria treatment and HIV/AIDS
Annex 9. Treatment of severe P. falciparum malaria
Annex 10. Treatment of P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae infections
7. Treatment of uncomplicated P. Falciparum malaria
10
10
Further information is provided in Annex 7.
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